Australia Austria Belgium Brazil Bulgaria Canada Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Hongkong Hungary Iceland Israel Italy Japan Korea Latvia Mexico Netherlands Poland Russia Singapore South Africa Spain Switzerland Turkey Ukraina United Kingdom USA    Arizona    California    Georgia    Hawaii    Iowa    Illinois    Maine    Maryland    Massachusetts    Michigan    Missouri    Nebraska    New Mexico    North Carolina    Oregon    Pennsylavnia    Puerto Rico    Texas    Utah    Virginia    Washington    Wisconsin Traceroute.org Multiple Traceroute Geektools Yahoo List Wowarea List Traceroute Servers Ryston Traceroute List CWI Traceroute list Traceroute Tools VIX-Tracerouts Lynx-Friendly Index TEN-155 Points DKRZ Traceroute lets us to see the route of IP datagram that follows from one host to other. The first implementation of Traceroute belongs to Van Jacobson. He wrote it from a suggestion by Steve Deering. Some details about traceroute and other network tools are on the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab which last 25 years Van Jackobson worked for. In October, 1998, he left LBNL to become Chief Scientist at Cisco Systems. Other traceroute version MTR was implemented by Matt Kimball. MTR combines features of the traceroute and ping programs in a single network diagnostic tool and contains also the graphical version. Ehud Gavron wrote the traceroute version with the parallel TTL lookups and the option to display ASN. Eric Wassenaar wrote the traceroute version that is available here. Death to Spam SPAM Acumen Tracing The Spam Limiting Spam Traceroute from TSC alt.spam FAQ Header Analysis Spam Tracking Page net.demon features Stupid URL Tricks MCI's Anti-Spam is to use TTL field (time- -to-live) in the IP header. See Tracing the Path of a TCP/IP Packet about ICMP protocol and TTL feild. Router that gets the datagram decrements TTL by one, so the TTL becomes a hop counter. For some details about traceroute algorithm see How traceroute works. Transpacific Network Privacy Analyses Information Presentation Event management Art Of Tracerouting Mapping the Internet ACES Research Diagnostic tools Network-Tools.com Neoworx Tools End-to-end Monitoring Tracing Paths Tool Taxonomy Visual Traceroute Traceroute Animation Routing & Debugging    A backbone is a set of paths that (LAN) local area networks connect to for long-distance connection. A backbone employs the highest-speed transmission paths in the network. A backbone can span a large geographic area. The connection points are known as network nodes or telecommunication data switching exchanges (DSEs). A backbone is another term for bus that connects nodes. A phone connection T3 is used mainly by ISPs connecting to the Internet backbone and for backbone itself. T3 lines sometimes reffered to as DS3 lines. T3 speed is 44.736 Mbps ( Megabits per second). Connection speed T1 and T3 are the American standard, E1 and E3 are European standards. T1(DS1) speed is 1.544 Mbps. Usually is used for connecting large company to ISP and ISP to the backnone. E1 is the european equivalent of T1, E3 of T3. E1 connection speed is 2.048 Mbps, E3 speed is 34.368 Mbps. IX (NAP) Points World Qwest Network UUNET, Asia-Pacific USA ESNet Backbone US Domains ESNet,IP Neighbors vBNS Network AT&T 45Mb DS3 AGIS 45Mb DS3 Digex 45Mb DS3 CAIS 45Mb ATM Dataxchange 45Mb ATM Exodus Map East Central, Qwest California, Qwest South West, Qwest Europe Ebone Backbone Map Ten-155 Map Ten-34 Map Atlas of Cyberspaces Clickable Map,Europe UUNET, Europe ARNES, Slovenia SANET, Slovenia EuroRings Map GARR Map, Italia ActiveNet, Switzerland Asia NetVision Map, Israel ILAN & IBM, Israel Internet Gold, Israel Connectivity Map, Turkey IIJ Backbone, Japan North America UUNET Qwest, Mexico South America RNP Map, Brasilia Traceroute Servlet Traceroute List Traceroute Download WhoIs Service URL Geography Backbone Services Internet backbone providers (IBP) are connected by network access points (NAPs). The largest IBPs are AT&T, Cable & Wireless, GTE, Sprint, Teleglobe, WorldCom (its UUNet subsidiary) and others. In the world, global backbone services are provided by the large U.S. backbone providers, British Telecommunications, France Telecom etc. TCP Protocol. From PSH to ACK TCP Connection, TCP Termination   Seven TCP Timeouts Acknowledge Mechanisms Nagle Algorithm,  Sliding Window,  Fast Sender Example, Silly Window Sindrome, Slow Start, Elephant,  Congestion Window, TCP segment, Max Segment Size,  Urgent Mode, Out-of-band Concept,  Congestion Avoidance,  Fast Retransmit, Fast Recovery, Explicit Congestion Notification,  Bandwidth-Delay Product, Fields of TCP Options     Dove Traceroute Gateway (Adelaide, 203.15.24.1, Apache/1.3.6) Escape Net (Kenwick, 203.25.185.2, Apache/1.1.1) Telstra Net (?, 210.8.232.2, Apache/1.3.9) Telstra Net (?, 210.8.224.2, Apache/1.3.9) Telstra Big Pond Direct (Canberra, 203.50.1.77) Cyberlink Accsess Systems (?, 203.24.198.1, Apache/1.3b5) South Australia's Largest ISP (Flagstaff Hill, 203.11.90.240, WN/2.0.6) Satori Traceroute gateway (?, 203.21.11.200, Apache/1.3.9) Brisbane Internet Technology (Brisbane, 203.18.94.3, Apache/1.3.3) NSW Regional Network Organisation (?, 203.15.123.114, Apache/1.3.3) List of other traceroute services, Wantree development Telecom (Vienna, 194.118.1.130, Netscape-FastTrack/3.01) AT Net (Vienna, 62.116.33.47, Roxen·Challenger/1.3.111) ISP Austria (?, 195.58.162.92, Apache/1.2.4) List of other traceroute services, OOeNET/Austria-ONE Belgian Research Network (?, 193.190.198.13, Apache/1.3.3) Intersight(?, 193.121.16.55, Microsoft-IIS/3.0) Exploring the topology of the Internet using WWW traceroute-servers Rede Internet Minas (Sao Paulo, 200.19.159.9, Apache/1.3.9) Lirex Looking Glass (Sofia, 194.12.224.34, Apache/1.3.3) David's Net-Presence (Sherwood Park, 204.209.9.33, Apache/1.3.9) Mag-Net Internet (Prince George, 207.102.83.2, Apache/1.3.9) University of Toronto, Echo Online (Toronto, 205.189.151.6, Apache/1.3.11) Carleton University (Ottawa, 134.117.14.93, Apache/1.2.4) TRIUMF Network Monitoring and traceroute resources CZECH-NET(Praha, 194.213.224.29, Apache/1.3.6) Traceroute AppleT.cz(Frydek-Mistek, 212.71.150.6, Apache/1.3.9) Teledenmark Erhverv Data Divisionen (Tranbjerg, 193.162.146.38, Apache/1.2b8) Niels Bohr Institute (Lyngby, 130.225.212.55, CERN/3.0) MicroLink Online (Tallinn, 194.106.96.6, Apache/1.1.1) Estonia-Wide Web (Tallinn, 212.107.32.146, Apache/1.3.6) Estonian Telephone Company (Tallinn, 194.126.101.67, Apache/1.3.6) Quake Complex (Tallinn, 212.7.0.177, Apache/1.3.6) EUnet, KPNQwest Finland (Helsinki, 193.66.1.35, Apache/1.3.3) Easynet France Web (Paris, 195.114.64.197, Apache/1.3.6) CPOD Provider Monitoring (Caen, 212.39.128.2, Apache/1.3.9) French engineering school (VilleJuif, 194.2.204.1, Apache/1.3.1) EU.org, free domain names (Longpont-sur-Orge (Paris), 193.56.58.251, Apache/1.3.9) Oleane Net (Vincennes, 194.2.28.18, Apache/1.3.3) Phynet, Institut National de Physique Nucleaire (?, 134.158.69.19, NCSA/1.5.2) Internet-Way /UUNet France: (?, 194.98.48.36, Netscape-Enterprise/2.01c) M-Net, France Telecom (? , 212.234.130.1, Apache/1.2.5) AFNIC (?, 192.134.4.20, Apache/1.3.9) Other traceroute services in France RADIUS.DESY.DE (Hamburg, 131.169.118.35, Apache/1.3.4) LF.net (Stuttgart, 212.9.160.38, Apache/1.2.0) Internet Service Center (Hamburg, 195.64.96.71, Apache/1.2.5) Tegtmeyer (Duesseldorf, 195.145.137.222, Apache/1.3.6) Online now (Berlin, 195.211.16.224, Apache/1.3b3) Lanobis (Braunschweig, 212.68.74.156, Apache/1.1.3 ) Klammeraffe (Muenchen, 62.208.181.42, Apache/1.3.6) Tracer (Karlsruhe, 212.227.14.17, Apache/1.3.3) Hongkong Telecom (Hongkong, 202.84.255.15, Apache/1.3.3) Institute for particle and nuclear physics (Budapest, 148.6.168.10, Apache/1.3.6) ISnet - Internet a Islandi (Reykjavik, 193.4.58.29, Apache/1.3.9) MI.is (Reykjavik, 193.4.192.13, Apache/1.3.6) IBM Israel (Tel-Aviv, 192.115.72.170, Apache/1.3.6) Isracom 2000, ISP (Tel-Aviv, 192.117.208.10, Apache/1.3.9) ILAN Looking Glass (Jerusalem, 128.139.252.3, Apache/1.3.9) Israeli Internet Guide Versilia.net (Forte dei Marmi ,194.184.72.2, Apache/1.2.6, AS3269) Abanet, ISP (Pesaro, 212.28.160.11, Apache/1.3.3, AS12468) General Software (Milan, 212.47.32.10, Apache/1.1.1, *) Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (Bologna, 131.154.1.53, Apache/1.3.0, AS5441) Primopiano, ISP (?, 192.106.160.2, Apache/1.2.5, AS1267) Traceroute from yumj2.kek.jp (Tsukuba, 130.87.34.37, Apache/1.3.9) The URAWA Internet (?, 202.218.252.1, Apache/1.3.9) ? (Tokyo, 133.35.211.104, NCSA/1.4) Hart Computer (Tokyo, 210.172.75.130, Apache/1.2.5) Measurement for APAN (Taejon, 192.249.24.20, Apache/1.3.4) BORANet (Seoul, 203.248.240.230, ? ) PARKS Traceroute (Riga, 195.2.96.6, Apache/1.3.12) Mazatlan ISP (Mexico, 200.34.47.11, Microsoft-IIS/4.0) WIND Information Server (Utrecht, 192.87.110.4, Apache/1.3.4) UUNET Nederland (Amsterdm, 193.67.79.138, Apache/1.3.4) Two companies: One family (Hoofddorp ,195.206.66.147, Apache/1.3.12) National Institute for Nuclear Physics (Amsterdam, 192.16.199.133, ?) Wyzsza Szkola Biznesu, National Louis University (Nowy Sacz, 195.205.100.110, Apache/1.3.9) Radio Club ARIADNA (Lublin, 212.182.117.131, Apache/1.2.6) Relcom (Moscow, 193.124.23.4, ?) Novosibirsk University (Novosibirsk, 193.124.209.71, ?) Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (Novosibirsk, 193.124.167.29, ?) Institute of Physics and Technology (Moscow, 193.125.142.43, CERN/3.0) Parkline, Internet Monitoring (Moscow, 195.209.63.167, Apache/1.3.9) Yaroslavl Computer Networks (Yaroslavl, 193.124.252.73, ?) Network Operations Centre (Singapore, 203.120.90.126, Apache/1.3.9) Singapore Telecom (Singapore, 203.127.108.245, Apache/1.3.3) Premier SA ISP (Pinetown, 196.22.200.2, Apache/1.3.3) The Ocean System (?, 193.127.68.3, Apache/1.3.6) Datagrama (Barcelona, 212.9.70.2, Apache/1.3.9) URBAnet, Network Management (Lausanne, 195.202.193.103, Apache/1.3.9) Communications Systems Group (Geneva, 137.138.28.176, Apache/1.3.0) CIXP-Reflector-Server (Geneva, 192.65.185.20, Apache/1.2.5) Swiss Academic & Research Network (Zurich, 130.59.10.30, Apache/1.2.5) IP-Plus Internet Services, Swisscom (?, 164.128.252.6, Roxen·Challenger/1.2) Fast Internet Services (Lausanne, 193.246.63.121, Apache/1.2.1) The Baboon BBS (?, 195.65.45.3, Apache/1.3.3) Siconline, Netzwerk Tools (?, 195.65.243.60, Apache/1.3.1) Global One Communications (Lausanne, 194.235.29.119, Apache/1.3.3) Gerszt Software-Engineering (Zurich, 195.226.1.146, Apache/1.3.9) Globacom (?, 195.89.4.121, Microsoft-IIS/4.0) EYE Communications, Internet Services (?, 157.161.182.11, Apache/1.3.0) ActiveNet Network Managemen (?, 195.246.69.67, Apache/1.3.1) Deckpoint (Geneva, 194.38.160.152, Apache/1.3.9) Luc de Louw 's Homepage (Winterthur, 62.2.247.131, Apache/1.3.6) Nextra (Bern, 212.47.161.34, Apache/1.3.6) UlakNet, National Academic Backbone (Ankara, 193.140.83.20, Apache/1.3.4) Middle East Technical University (Ankara, 144.122.156.91, Apache/1.3.6) School Net (Kiev, 194.183.164.164, Apache/1.2.6) University, Department of Physics (Glasgow, 194.36.1.167, 130.209.45.103, Apache/1.3.1) Shellnet, Internet Provider (Manchester, 194.129.209.7, Microsoft-IIS/3.0) KingFisher Software (London, 194.159.240.140, Roxen·Challenger) XCIV.ORG (London, 195.82.119.76, Apache/1.3.9) Argus Internet Monitoring Utility (Slough, 195.172.1.29, Apache/1.3.9) Newton Solutions, Network Utilities (Warlingham, 195.112.3.18, Apache/1.3.9) University of Birmingham (Birmingham, 147.188.128.100, Apache/1.3.11) Daresbury Network Monitoring (Warrington, 193.62.127.224, Apache/1.3.3) Arizona Getnet, Internet Access (Chandler, 206.124.164.18, Apache/1.3.9) University of Arizona (Tucson, 128.196.128.4, Apache/1.3.9) Opus One (Tucson, 192.245.12.7, OSU/3.6b) PCSLink (Phoenix, 206.43.160.5, Apache/1.3.6) California Voice of America (Santa Clara, 209.67.208.25, Apache/1.3.6) Yahoo (Santa Clara, 206.132.105.74, Apache/1.3.4) Gem Dot Net, Internet Access (Los Angeles, 207.151.83.10, Apache/1.0.3) Network Diagnosis (San Francisco, 199.2.106.1, NCSA/1.4.1) JetNet, ISP (Chatsworth, 206.83.0.42, Netscape-Enterprise/3.0) Forth Interest Group (Monterey, 206.55.232.73, Apache/1.3.6) Foothill.Net (Foresthill, 206.170.175.1, Apache/1.3.9) AboveNet (San Jose, 207.126.96.163, Apache/1.3b3) Bungi.com (San Jose, 207.126.97.22, NCSA/1.5.2) Fifi.Org (San Jose, 209.133.45.185, Apache/1.3.3) Stanford University (Stanford, 134.79.18.133, Netscape-Enterprise/3.0K) Best Internet Communications (Mountain View, 206.184.139.13 (14)(12), BESTWWWD/2.4) Malch.com (Mountain View, 209.24.112.189, BESTWWWD/2.4) 4CNet (Los Alamitos, 130.150.20.11, Apache/1.3.4) International Computer Science Institute (Berkeley, 128.32.201.6, NCSA/1.5.1) Berkeley Lab Networking (Berkeley, 131.243.64.60, Netscape-FastTrack/2.01) Energy Sciences Network (Berkeley, 198.128.3.92, Netscape-Enterprise/3.6) San Francisco Online (Sacramento, 205.162.14.36, Apache/1.2.5) SamSpade.org (Marina del Rey, 206.117.161.81, Apache/1.3.9) Stanford Iniversity, NLANR intersite Active Measurement Program Georgia Lyceum Support Tools (Atlanta, 205.142.28.7, NCSA/1.4.2) Southern CrossRoads (Atlanta, 130.207.244.51, Apache/1.3.1) Courtesy of Lotus Productions (Atlanta, 216.25.63.17, Apache/1.3.3) Hawaii Hawaii's Award Winning Internet Service (Elmsford, 199.222.42.2, Apache/1.3.3) Wurldlink Corporation (Honolulu, 216.235.52.2, Apache/1.2.6) Iowa netINS backbone (Des Moines, 167.142.225.150, Apache/1.3b3) Illinois Fermilab, High Energy Physics (Batavia, 131.225.110.11, Netscape-Enterprise/3.6) Mathematics and Computer Science Division (Argonne, 140.221.9.190, Microsoft-IIS/4.0) Maine AcadiaNet (Ellsworth, 205.217.210.1, Apache/1.3.3) Maryland This site, URL Geography (Hyatsville, 63.69.177.2, Apache/1.3.6) Department of Energy (Germantown, 192.73.213.17, NCSA/1.5.2) ABSnet, Internet Services (Baltimore, 207.114.0.131, Apache/1.3.6) Massachusetts Big-Screw.MIT.EDU (Cambridge, 18.72.0.176, Apache-SSL-US/1.0.3) Michigan Novagate Communications (Grand Haven, 205.138.138.6, Apache/1.3.6) Missouri Socket Communications (Columbia, 216.106.2.148 , Apache/1.3.12) Nebraska Novia Internetworking (Omaha, 216.40.24.1, Apache/1.3.9) New Mexico New Mexico Technet (Albuquerque, 129.121.1.17, Netscape-Enterprise/3.5.1G) North Carolina Internet Solutions (Research Triangle Park, 206.66.160.5, Apache/1.3.3) Oregon Willamette Valley Internet, ISP (Eugene, 204.119.27.10, Apache/1.3.9) Pennsylavnia Stargate (Erie, 208.138.204.11, Apache/1.3.6) PlantageNet (Doylestown, 207.8.164.225, NaviServer/2.0) Carnegi Melon Network Group (Pittsburgh, 128.2.4.6, Apache/1.3.6) Trio Networks (Bethlehem, 206.245.168.47, Apache/1.3.11) Puerto Rico Puerto Rico Internet Corp. (San Juan, 209.91.218.5, Apache/1.3.6) Texas Illuminati Online, ISP (Austin, 199.170.88.41,(39),(21), Apache/1.3.9) Fmp Computer Services (Austin, 216.171.14.34, Apache/1.3.3) Texas A&M University System (College Station, 165.91.106.81, WN/2.2.6) A&M University, High Energy Physics (Prairie View, 129.207.10.9, Apache/1.2.5) Hexillion Technologies (Arlington, 216.46.230.21, Microsoft-IIS/5.0) Utah Calweb, SkyLynx Company (Salt Lake City, 209.210.251.101, Apache/1.3.9) Internet Servers, Web Hosting (Highland, UT, Apache/1.2.6, 192.41.32.249) Virginia UUNET Web Hosting (Fairfax, 208.240.92.204, Apache/1.3.9) USA domains, Web Hosting Provaider (Alexandria, 209.207.176.96, Apache/1.3.4) Global One (Reston, 204.59.152.196, Apache/1.0.2) Washington Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (Richland, 192.148.93.21, Apache/1.3.6) Wisconsin University of Wisconsin (Madison, 128.104.208.20, Apache/1.3.6) Notes. 1. The symbol means the traceroute only for the site you run your browser from. 2. The symbol means the traceroute have the ASN (Autonomous System Number) option. 3. For each traceroute sites the probable geographical location, the IP address and the Web server name are given in brackets.

Maintained by Rafael Stekolshchik         klivlend1@yahoo.com